Online education for DUI offenders. PA Vehicle Code Section b. Click on the "Register Now Button". Once you register we will verify your registration and send you an email confirmation. Please allow 1 business day for your confirmation email. Please note, you have 30 days from registration to complete all modules. We believe fully in our mission at B. We commit ourselves to providing a quality evaluation, a pertinent education, and a prevention and intervention plan relative to the DUI offender.
The resource center will provide information for the following: drug rehabilitation services, fact sheets on opioid addictions, drug use safety, support groups, counseling programs, career training and financial assistance, schedules of public transportation, childcare assistance, and job placement.
This community gathering place will also assist victims of domestic violence, violent crimes, and human trafficking and financially needy families. As such, planting a community development center inside of the police department will immediately reduce drug-related crimes within the City of North Chicago. This project serves a population of 28, in Northampton, Massachusetts. The program will also support an Overdose Fatality Review Team to better analyze and understand overdose cases and trends, allowing Pat-COAR to identify any gaps in services or policies that would potentially minimize its high rate of overdoses.
Also, the program provides to hire staff needed to build the capacity and sustainability of Pat-COAR over time, as well as support the proposed activities. This project serves the city of Paterson, which has a population of , residents. The City of St. The Recovery Access Program RAP will include embedded social workers provided by People Incorporated to respond to drug overdoses where children are affected.
The St. Paul Police Department SPPD proposes to use these funds to include an investigator to act as a liaison between the police, treatment facilities, and community resources, as well as to serve as an advocate for drug courts or other measures in place of incarceration when appropriate.
Funds will also be used to hire an internal SPPD data analyst to collect and manage program performance and evaluation data for the purposes of program improvement and program sustainability beyond grant funding. This project serves the city of St. Priority considerations addressed in this application include Qualified Opportunity zones and high-poverty area. The project aims to increase the quality and prevalence of prevention and treatment services and to reduce opioid incidence and fatalities through outreach and response programs; intensive follow-up and case management with overdose survivors and their families to link them with support services and treatment; dissemination of naloxone kits, harm-reduction training, and prevention education; more efficient use of data to identify potential opioid misuse; and increased collaboration across multidisciplinary sectors in the community.
The SFOO coordinator and the project paramedic utilize patient care records systems and first responder data to respond to overdoses and to any individual identified as being at risk for opiate overdose; establish personal contact with overdose survivors and their families; and provide resources for a successful intervention.
Upon program launch, the New Mexico Department of Health contacted SFOO requesting assistance in opiate outreach to individuals identified through a mandatory reporting requirement of the local emergency room as well as syndromic surveillance.
Although the emergency room has struggled with timely and accurate reporting, this partnership allowed SFOO staff members to access more contact information and, we believe, has helped increase SFOO's percentage of successful outreach attempts. It is projected that this will take place in July The purpose of this project in St.
Louis, Missouri, is to develop an information sharing ecosystem in order to create a repository for storing and managing anonymized, case-level data from across the enterprise to allow authorized personnel to access aggregated data through specially designed dashboards and analytics tools for tactical and strategic decision making.
We will develop the technical and governance infrastructure to securely pass information between criminal justice and public health agencies in a timely, efficient, and accurate manner that conforms to national justice information sharing standards and industry best practices.
The goal is to use the summary data to monitor progress on diverting the target population to develop sustainable, community-based prevention initiatives to combat opioid misuse and promote population health.
Summary data from an array of data contributors will assist the City to ensure that the practices and policies that are implemented meet the needs of the target population.
Louis Circuit Attorney Navigation, Diversion, and Opportunity program: a post-arrest diversion program offered on a pre-booking, pre-charge, or pre-plea basis to individuals with low-level drug possession charges—providing them with education, access to treatment and wrap-around case management services as an alternative to incarceration.
The program will serve individuals who have committed opioid-related offenses in the City of St. Louis, Missouri, program eligibility will be determined by the location of the offense, not the residency of the participant. Louis Agency on Training and Employment. Additionally, the CAO will work with the St. Louis Director of Public Safety to facilitate the creation of a citation referral system with the St. Louis Metropolitan Police Department. Funding will support a full-time project manager, three full-time case managers, half-time administrative staff, emergency financial assistance, and metro tickets to participants.
The University of Missouri St. Training and outreach activities will focus on education around stigma and the science of addiction. Law enforcement and community members will be trained. The applicant proposes to incorporate overdose detection mapping application program into the project. The University of South Florida will serve as the research partner. Clackamas County Community Corrections will improve the data infrastructure and develop diversion strategies that target incarcerated individuals eligible for early release into treatment, individuals on probation and reentering the community who meet the criteria for medication-assisted treatment MAT , and supportive housing for justice-involved females to reunify with their children while receiving treatment or for those who are pregnant.
This project serves the , residents of Clackamas County, which consists of urban, suburban, and rural areas spanning 1, square miles larger than the state of Rhode Island. The primary goals of LEAD Plus are to continue and enhance the implementation of the LEAD program and add a new layer of coordination that connects the many opioid and substance abuse efforts in the county into a truly comprehensive and integrated approach.
There are no priority considerations with this project. Representatives from all five of the law enforcement agencies that service Clare County, medical personnel, substance abuse counselors, pharmacists, a representative from probation and parole, and any other professionals who are identified during the implementation will comprise the task force. Federal agencies will also be invited to participate in the task force to participate in investigations that might be more effectively prosecuted at the federal level.
The assistant prosecutor in charge of the program will coordinate with the U. The Cleveland County Health Department will establish the Points of HOPE Halting Overdose through Prevention and Education to expand an outreach program facilitated within the Cleveland County Detention Center to reduce overdoses and establish programs to prevent chronic diseases associated with intravenous drug use.
Cleveland County will also develop a multidisciplinary team consisting of the health department, social services, behavioral health providers, school administration, and other providers to review child protection cases involving substance abuse to ensure care and follow-up for children. The team will develop trainings for the community and youth-serving agencies.
Applied Research Services, Inc. This project serves Tennessee's 4th Judicial District, which includes Cocke, Sevier, Jefferson, and Grainger counties and has a total combined population of , The purpose of the proposed Tennessee Recovery Oriented Compliance Strategy TN-ROCS Enhancement and Evaluation project is 1 to increase the capacity of this innovative court-based intervention program to link individuals across the district at high risk of overdose to appropriate, evidence-based behavioral health treatment and recovery support services; and 2 to independently validate the TN-ROCS model, such that key findings related to program quality and implementation fidelity can inform current and future data-driven expansion efforts.
Stephen Loyd, Dr. All four priority considerations are addressed in this application. Cocke County is a geographically isolated rural area that is plagued by persistently high rates of poverty, substance use, and overdose fatality.
Additionally, one census tract within Cocke County The Colorado Opioid, Stimulant, and Substance Abuse Project will support comprehensive, collaborative initiatives in selected areas through a competitive request for applications from local public health, law enforcement, and substance use treatment providers serving residents in seven rural counties to conduct one or more of the BJA allowable uses of the funding to meet the specific local needs.
Deliverables of the project include the selection and provision of at least six subawards within six months of the grant award, at least six contracts and scopes of work, a BJA-required implementation manual, an annual summary of the site project, project accomplishments from each site sub-award , coordinated cross-site training and peer-to-peer learning, quarterly process data, annual evaluation data, and a written evaluation report at the end of the grant period. The project includes partnerships between the Prevention Services Division of CDPHE and the Office of Behavioral Health of the Colorado Department of Human Services, as well as local public health, law enforcement, and substance use treatment partners in the seven counties.
Priority considerations addressed in this application include rural and high-poverty areas containing economic opportunity zones.
Partner agencies and activities will be specified after a competitive Request for Applications is released in February , the applications are reviewed, and awards are made. The University of Colorado School of Medicine will serve as the evaluator for the proposed project.
The Colorado Department of Regulatory Agencies DORA will develop clinical decision support tools to facilitate prescription drug monitoring program PDMP use, automate PDMP screening, integrate clinical characteristics into screening, and add new hospitals and practice settings to increase the generalizability of the findings.
Funds will also be used to systematically investigate the impact of mandated PDMP use, automated PDMP screening, and adding high risk clinical features to PDMP screening using clinical decision-making tools to incrementally modify the shared EHR, then measure the effect of each modification in all care settings across 10 hospitals in As the new improvements are implemented, the impact on PDMP use as well as patient-level outcomes such as high risk prescribing and future opioid use will be measured.
The objective of the initiative is to enhance public safety, behavioral health, and public health by leveraging existing data sets to inform implementation of highly focused opioid interventions. The project team will then train local police and fire departments on how to access and analyze countywide HIDTA data.
Columbus Public Health will also hire a substance use disorder epidemiologist to combine local public health and social determinant data with HIDTA public safety data. This data set will serve as the foundation for a countywide interactive overdose data tool. Mighty Crow, Inc. The Involving Families in Treatment of Inmates with Opioid Use Disorder OUD Project will reduce opioid overdose deaths and improve treatment outcomes for inmates with opioid use disorder by providing naloxone to family members and involving them in treatment.
This project serves Middlesex County, located in northeastern Massachusetts. Middlesex County, the most populous county in New England, has 1. The project includes partnership with Brandeis University. Priority considerations addressed in this application include a high rate of primary treatment admissions for heroin or other opioids and high rates of overdose deaths. The program will take a multipronged approach to 1 enhance a database in Hampden County that will allow for the collection, analysis, and dissemination of comprehensive, real-time overdose information, and 2 implement a law enforcement, first responder-driven multidisciplinary overdose prevention, response, and diversion referral model known as the Rapid Response and Connection Program.
This project serves Hampden County, Massachusetts, which has a population of , Priority considerations addressed in project include the disproportionate impact from substance use on a rural, high-poverty census tract and public safety impact in Qualified Opportunity Zones. These specially chosen departments are first responders to overdose, as well as members of the Chehalis Tribal Opioid Task Force.
Priority considerations addressed in this application include rural and high poverty areas. The Connecticut Prescription Monitoring Program PMP , in partnership with other state agencies, will merge the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner OCME and the state forensic laboratory system with the Connecticut Prescription Monitoring and Reporting System CPMRS to allow prescribers and pharmacists to identify patients who have died and reduce inappropriate dispensing; create a new module to allow law enforcement users access to both death data and toxicology information within the CPMRS to assist in their investigations; and conduct educational campaigns to introduce these new features and the benefits that would expand the ability of prescribers, pharmacists, and law enforcement to avoid and deter controlled substance misuse or diversion.
The division is adding a Mandatory Use Compliance module to produce PMP administrator reports of providers and review histories, and reports for providers of their missed reviews. It is conducting three educational campaigns to introduce the NarxCare platform, new features, and benefits to prescribers, pharmacists, and law enforcement.
Through this funding, Cook County Health will convene the Cook County Community Recovery Learning and Action Network to 1 address recovery housing capacity, including harm-reduction models of recovery housing and coordination for persons experiencing chronic homelessness; 2 begin development of a real-time, regional recovery housing information system, including collection, analysis, and dissemination across partners, and 3 implement and evaluate an intervention to promote referral for medications for addiction treatment, recovery support, and recovery housing for individuals with substance use disorders, with a special focus on individuals under supervision of the Cook County Adult Probation Department.
This project serves Cook County, Illinois, which has 5. The project includes partnerships with transitional and recovery housing providers, substance use treatment providers, criminal justice partners, state agencies, community-based partners, and public health organizations. Priority considerations addressed in this application include high-poverty areas, and this project will offer enhancements to public safety in economically distressed communities Qualified Opportunity Zones.
The goal of the proposed project, Universal Opioid Screening in Adult Probation to Reduce Usage and Overdose, is to engage activities around opioid addiction and facilitate training for probation officers and staff members; interagency partnerships for screening, assessment, and coordination of care of opioid use by probationers; and program evaluation.
It will include a coordinator to provide expanded case management services to include screening and assessment; a full-time jail-based therapist to develop treatment plans and provide individual and group therapy, and referral to a community-based MAT program. The project includes a coordinator to manage the operations of a day reporting center where individuals can receive individual or group sessions in person or via teleconferencing.
The project will fund equipment for the telehealth component and will serve the county of Page and the towns of Rileyville, Luray, Stanley, and Shenandoah. The Savannah Police Department proposes to establish a pre-arrest diversion and behavioral response initiative by providing enhanced crisis intervention team training and offering substance abuse recovery treatment and behavioral health treatment. David A.
The project will also provide an annual provision of group support and reintegration planning to people in jail, as well as intensive reentry services for individuals receiving community service, including MAT and peer navigator services for 60 days. This project serves Cumberland County, population , Priority considerations addressed in this application include Cumberland County as a region disproportionately impacted by substance abuse.
Cumberland County will expand post-overdose outreach to the entire community, provide linkage to care opportunities for persons experiencing a non-fatal overdose, creating an opioid fatality review, and enhance diversion programs by removing barriers to transitional housing.
Ascend Innovations will also serve as the evaluator on the proposed project. The team, overseen by a full-time ODDP coordinator, will develop services that will include identifying persons with opioid abuse, providing MAT and recovery support services as part of a diversion program in an attempt to divert from harsher sentences, accessing MAT services for persons who have been charged but are awaiting trial, and assisting clients with some type of community supervision to access MAT.
This project will serve the county of Delaware, Pennsylvania, the fifth most populous county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania with , residents.
The objective of the project is to expand access to buprenorphine treatment in the Delaware County prison, George W. Hill Correctional Facility, to ensure that individuals are supported in their recovery while incarcerated and engaged in recovery support services upon release, linking returning citizens to transportation, recovery meetings, employment opportunities, or higher levels of care. The plan will identify evidence-based programs and practices to assist localities in engaging and retaining justice-involved individuals with opioid use disorders OUD in treatment and recovery services.
The plan will also contain strategies to improve statewide coordination and collaboration and increase the use of alternatives to incarceration. Virginia will identify and target high-need localities and jurisdictions across the state to receive funding for services and support. The initiative will be evaluated to determine its impact and identify model programs that can be replicated throughout the state.
The goal is for federal, state, and local law enforcement to use this system to direct available investigative and patrol resources more efficiently and effectively. DC-OCME Toxicology Opioid and Illicit Drug Surveillance TOIDS will reduce the impact of opioids, stimulants, and other substances on individuals and communities, including a reduction in the number of overdose fatalities, as well as mitigate the impacts on crime victims by supporting comprehensive, collaborative initiatives like conducting forensic toxicology laboratory testing of illicit drug misuse and novel testing for opioids.
In addition, it will be analyzing comprehensive, real-time, regional information collection, analysis, and dissemination; and streamlining the forensic toxicology lab testing methodology through Lean Sigma Six LSS training of staff and LSS reform of the lab.
This project serves the District of Columbia with a population of , The project includes partnerships between the Network for Victim Recovery of D.
Forensic Nurse Examiners, D. Metropolitan Police Department, D. Department of Transportation, D. Department of Health. Priority considerations addressed in this application include the poverty priority, the persistent poverty counties priority, and Qualified Opportunity Zones. The Dona Ana County Health and Human Services Department will implement a law enforcement assisted diversion program and other activities aimed at reducing opioid use and mitigating the impact on individuals and communities.
The project includes a coordinator and case manager as well as services from the National Alliance on Mental Illnesses for peer support and the Las Cruces Police Department for officer training and implementation costs. Naloxone will also be purchased, funds will be used for transitional housing, and trauma-informed training. New Mexico State University will serve as the research partner for the proposed project.
The Illinois Criminal Justice Information Authority will serve as the research partner for this project. The Dutchess County Department of Behavioral and Community Health will lead an effort to prevent overdose fatalities through timely, comprehensive information sharing within a communitywide collaborative that includes public safety, public and behavioral health, and other vested partners.
This will strengthen community capacity to respond to acute overdose-related risks and build a sense of shared efficacy and resiliency in the face of an ongoing, ever-evolving epidemic. These goals will be achieved by applying objective methodology in three areas: 1 transformation of an existing underdeveloped task force into a streamlined, well-equipped, data-driven, opioid response collaborative, 2 enhanced overdose surveillance relating to populations at risk as well as emergent, high-risk substances, and 3 comprehensive capacity building initiatives aimed at integrating harm-reduction principles into existing service delivery models and identifying and addressing disparities in access to behavioral health services.
Plymouth County Outreach PCO , a police and treatment outreach approach to high-risk individuals, will continue to develop its countywide, multifaceted approach involving law enforcement, hospital, recovery, and local treatment partnerships that conduct post-overdose home follow-up visits to overdose survivors who are not initially admitted to a hospital or treatment services. The local research partner, Kelley Research Associates, created a unique, real-time overdose tracking system that supports the daily overdose response program.
A multidisciplinary team will provide direct services to high-frequency drug users and their families. This project serves El Paso County with a population of approximately , The purpose of the project is to expand access to evidence-based treatment by piloting and evaluating telebehavioral health for probationers and expanding access to medication-assisted treatment. Priority considerations addressed in this application include providing services to Qualified Opportunity Zones, addressing communities that are facing persistent poverty, and serving a region that has been disproportionately impacted by substance abuse.
The Erie County Comprehensive Quick Response Program to Overdose will provide a seamless flow after an opioid overdose rescue by police.
ODMAP will initiate a follow-up through the public health peer response team, who will reach out to the survivor to offer support at each stage of the process and track their engagement with treatment. This project serves Erie County, with a population of , The project includes partnerships between public health, law enforcement, emergency medicine services, high- intensity drug trafficking areas ODMAP program , county mental health, family advocates, and the SUNY at Buffalo research evaluation partner.
Priority considerations addressed in this application include targeting high-poverty areas and designated Qualified Opportunity Zones in economically distressed areas of Erie County. Erie County, New York, will establish an opioid mortality review board to inform future public health practice and policy related to primary and secondary prevention of opioid addiction and mortality through action research that operationalizes insight gained from mortality reviews.
The focus of this effort will be to expand services to offenders diverted to probation. Two peer navigators will be assigned to work alongside probation officers. Naloxone will be distributed to probationers on the opioid caseload at assignment and to probationers who overdose within 24—48 hours after notification. Hilbert College will serve as the research partner for the proposed project. In response to the percent increase in synthetic opioid-related deaths from to , the Erie County Department of Health will increase community access to naloxone and link overdose survivors to treatment.
The project aims to more effectively link individuals across the sequential intercept model to care. In cases in which individuals cannot be connected directly to care, they can be linked to local organizations for support. Funds will also be used to create an ongoing systematic geospatial analysis of law enforcement and emergency medical services EMS calls for service and the product that caused each overdose.
The program will be led by a multidisciplinary team with representatives from consumer peer groups, EMS, and behavioral health.
Researchers from the University of Buffalo will serve as the research partner for the proposed project. The Essex Medicated Assisted Treatment Recovery Project EMATRP will be expanding and enhancing its current MAT program and support services pre- and post- release through these initiatives: 1 enhancing the current MAT program with care continuum coordinators, 2 providing pre-release harm-reduction education for all MAT participants to include naloxone upon release for 3, inmates, and 3 partnering with Spectrum for clinical stabilization services beds to provide participants with transitional housing and peer recovery for up inmates.
This project serves Essex County in Massachusetts with a population of , The project includes partnerships between Wellpath. Priority considerations addressed in this application include high-poverty area and Qualified Opportunity Zone.
The project goals are to: 1 increase the number of law enforcement diversion programs; 2 reduce overdose deaths; 3 increase transitional housing availability; and 4 increase services for youth impacted by opioid overdoses. One initiative will involve establishing pre-arrest or post-arrest law enforcement diversion programs using the Police Assisted Addiction and Recovery Initiative [PAARI] model for individuals who commit low level, nonviolent, drug-related offenses by utilizing community-based substance abuse and behavioral health services.
The Delaware Criminal Justice Council, in partnership with the Division of Substance Abuse and Mental Health, will implement the Delaware Smart Criminal Justice and Treatment Change Team to effectively integrate initiatives, processes, and programs into standard treatment policies and practices maximizing efforts. Grant funds will implement programs to effectively integrate initiatives, processes, and programs into standard treatment policies and practices maximizing efforts. Grant funds will be used to implement comprehensive policies and practices identified in the planning phase and outlined in the coordinated state criminal justice and treatment plan.
Subgrants will be awarded that assist and provide financial support to units of local government and community services agencies to implement strategies that support treatment and recovery service engagement; increase the use of diversion and alternatives to incarceration; and reduce the incidence of overdose death.
The geographic area is the entire state of Delaware. Fairfax County will develop a Secure Integrated Data approach with engagement by representatives of the Fairfax County health and human services community; public safety, education, legal, and technology representatives of the organizations involved; state prescription drug monitoring program PDMP representatives; and service providers to adopt and promote the information sharing efforts.
The team will develop data governance structures to support the policy for data sharing and then develop a data sharing model by using global information sharing standards to share data across various systems. George Mason University will serve as the research partner for the proposed project. IJIS Institute will provide technical support for the development of a data governance structure. Strategies include deploying an Overdose Response Team to perform follow-up visits with persons who have had a nonfatal overdose; providing expedited access to treatment, including medication-assisted treatment MAT , to persons who have had a nonfatal overdose; performing overdose fatality case reviews; connecting people who identify as having a substance use disorder with available treatment and recovery options outside of the criminal justice system; and tracking every overdose in real-time using the Overdose Detection Mapping Application Program ODMAP.
Miami University in Oxford, Ohio, will serve as the research partner for the proposed project. Barbara Andraka-Christou and her team from the University of Central Florida will serve as the evaluator for this project. This will be accomplished by addressing four allowable uses of funds, including 1 embedding social services therapist with law enforcement to rapidly respond to drug overdoses where children are affected; 2 provide naloxone for law enforcement to address opioid overdoses; 3 provide evidence-based treatment, recovery and peer recovery support services for the targeted population; and 4 coordinate with courts to prioritize and expedite treatment and recovery services to individuals at high risk for overdose and family issues stemming from SUD.
This project serves Floyd County, Kentucky, with a population of 36, Priority considerations addressed in this application include a rural community that faces a persistent-poverty and has a Qualified Opportunity Zone and areas with high rates of overdose. This project will serve individuals incarcerated at the Franklin County Jail and screened as at-risk for substance use dependency and drug-related overdose.
The purpose of the project is to a reduce drug-related overdoses and deaths, b increase peer support and treatment referral and linkage, c increase access to medication-assisted treatment pre- and post-release, and d decrease recidivism.
Priority considerations addressed in this application include a program model that focuses services in a county with a demonstrated disproportionate number of drug overdose deaths Between and , Franklin County experienced a percent increase in residents dying from drug-related overdoses. In addition, the DA—PO program calls for planning and implementation of a Community Mayor's Drug Court, the launch of a robust harm-reduction campaign that will include hosting town hall meetings, distributing naloxone kits to families of overdose survivors, and distributing fentanyl test strips to those in active addiction.
The Franklin County Pathways to Healthy Living Program will offer services to individuals booked into the Franklin County Correctional Center and in active withdrawal to include screening, cognitive behavioral treatment, medication-assisted treatment MAT , and linkage to peer support. Participants will be linked with a team pre- and post-release to ensure continuity of care. This project serves Franklin County and the areas surrounding Columbus, Ohio, with an estimated population of , Grant funds would continue to support the positions of MAT project manager and one community case manager through Enhancements would add an additional community case manager and a contracted peer support specialist to significantly increase the capacity of the program, opening more days to in-custody referrals and facilitating the offering of a full-time behavioral health walk-in clinic.
Team members will make in-person follow-up visits within 72 hours to individuals who survived or witnessed an opioid overdose, including affected children, to assess health, behavioral, and social needs.
In addition, team members will connect individuals to community-based behavioral health, treatment, and recovery support services, while ensuring that opioid overdose survivors and witnesses navigate care across the criminal justice, human services, and educational systems. The program will expand Naloxone availability and appropriate use by first responders and law enforcement personnel, focusing on Naloxone deserts, and establish a system that offers real-time data collection, analysis, and dissemination of key data points to reduce opioid-related deaths.
This project serves 87, residents in 30 communities spanning two rural counties in Western Massachusetts. The project includes partnerships between research scientists Pamela Kelley and Dr. Sean Varano and other community stakeholders representing law enforcement, the peer recovery community, harm reduction, courts, housing, and other basic human needs sectors.
The Fulton County Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Disabilities DBHDD and its partners will expand pre-arrest diversion, case management, and training for law enforcement personnel to the city of Atlanta and two other jurisdictions using the Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion model; provide recovery support services including transitional or recovery housing through Fulton DBHDD and its local partners; and offer evidence-based treatment including medication-assisted treatment through partner Grady Hospital.
This project serves the city of Atlanta population , Each participant will be assigned an individual case manager, and, upon completion of our program, will receive a "Certificate of Completion" again without any additional fees. Currently in our 15th year with now over clients who have successfully completed and satisfied their court orders through our program. Designed for modern individuals who need to take court ordered courses for court ordered requirements, at the request of their employer, or for personal reasons.
0コメント